Studies Supporting FloraGLO® Lutein Health Claims

• The Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group. Antioxidant status and neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 111: 104-109, 1993.

• Seddon JM, Ajani UA, Sperduto RD, Hiller R, Blair N, Burton TC, Farber MD, Gragoudas ES, Haller J, Miller DT, and et al. Dietary carotenoids, vitamins A, C, and E, and advanced age-related macular degeneration. Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group. JAMA 272: 1413-1420, 1994.

• Bone RA, Landrum JT, Mayne ST, Gomez CM, Tibor SE, and Twaroska EE. Macular pigment in donor eyes with and without AMD: a case-control study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 42: 235-240, 2001.

• Beatty S, Murray IJ, Henson DB, Carden D, Koh H, and Boulton ME. Macular pigment and risk for age-related macular degeneration in subjects from a Northern European population. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 42: 439-446, 2001.

• Nolan JM, Stack J, O OD, Loane E, and Beatty S. Risk factors for age-related maculopathy are associated with a relative lack of macular pigment. Exp Eye Res 84: 61-74, 2007.

• LaRowe TL, Mares JA, Snodderly DM, Klein ML, Wooten BR, and Chappell R. Macular pigment density and age-related maculopathy in the Carotenoids in Age-Related Eye Disease Study. An ancillary study of the women's health initiative. Ophthalmology 115: 876-883 e871, 2008

• Bernstein PS, Zhao DY, Wintch SW, Ermakov IV, McClane RW, and Gellermann W. Resonance Raman measurement of macular carotenoids in normal subjects and in age-related macular degeneration patients. Ophthalmology 109: 1780-1787, 2002.

• Brown L, Rimm EB, Seddon JM, Giovannucci EL, Chasan-Taber L, Spiegelman D, Willett WC, and Hankinson SE. A prospective study of carotenoid intake and risk of cataract extraction in US men. Am J Clin Nutr 70: 517-524, 1999.

• Chasan-Taber L, Willett WC, Seddon JM, Stampfer MJ, Rosner B, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, and Hankinson SE. A prospective study of carotenoid and vitamin A intakes and risk of cataract extraction in US women. Am J Clin Nutr 70: 509-516, 1999.

• Castenmiller JJ, Lauridsen ST, Dragsted LO, van het Hof KH, Linssen JP, and West CE. Beta-carotene does not change markers of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant activity in human blood. J Nutr 129: 2162-2169, 1999.

• Li L, Chen CY, Aldini G, Johnson EJ, Rasmussen H, Yoshida Y, Niki E, Blumberg JB, Russell RM, and Yeum KJ. Supplementation with lutein or lutein plus green tea extracts does not change oxidative stress in adequately nourished older adults. J Nutr Biochem 2009.

• Nakagawa K, Kiko T, Hatade K, Sookwong P, Arai H, and Miyazawa T. Antioxidant effect of lutein towards phospholipid hydroperoxidation in human erythrocytes. Br J Nutr 102: 1280-1284, 2009.

• Perrone S, Longini M, Marzocchi B, Picardi A, Bellieni CV, Proietti F, Rodriguez A, Turrisi G, and Buonocore G. Effects of Lutein on Oxidative Stress in the Term Newborn: A Pilot Study. Neonatology 97: 36-40, 2009.

• Krinsky NI, Landrum JT, Bone RA. 2003. Biologic mechanisms of the protective role of lutein and zeaxanthin in the eye. Annu Rev Nutr 23: 171-201.

• Landrum JT, Bone RA, Kilburn MD.1997 The macular pigment: a possible role in protection from age-related macular degeneration Adv. Pharmacol. 38:537-56.

• Schalch W, Dayhew-Baker P, Barker FM II. 1999 The carotenoids of the human retina In Nutritional and Environmental Influences on the Eye, ed A Taylor. pp 215-50 Boca Raton: CRC.

• Yeum KJ, Taylor A, Tang G, Russell RM. Measurement of carotenoids, retinoids, and tocopherols in human lenses. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1995;36(13):2756-2761.

• Bates CJ, Chen SJ, Macdonald A, Holden R. Quantitation of vitamin E and a carotenoid pigment in cataractous human lenses, and the effect of a dietary supplement. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1996;66(4):316-321.

• Yeum KJ, Shang FM, Schalch WM, Russell RM, Taylor A. Fat-soluble nutrient concentrations in different layers of human cataractous lens. Curr Eye Res.1999; 19(6):502-505.

• Bone RA, Landrum JT, Hime GW, Cains A, and Zamor J. Stereochemistry of the human macular carotenoids. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 34: 2033-2040, 1993.

• Bone RA, Landrum JT, and Tarsis SL. Preliminary identification of the human macular pigment. Vision Res 25: 1531-1535, 1985.

• Francoise JL, Askew EW, Lang LC, and Bernstein PS. Serum and macular responses to antioxidant supplementation versus a carotenoid-rich dietary intervention in the elderly. Current topics in nutraceutical research 4: 69-78, 2006.

• Johnson EJ, Chung HY, Caldarella SM, and Snodderly DM. The influence of supplemental lutein and docosahexaenoic acid on serum, lipoproteins, and macular pigmentation. Am J Clin Nutr 87: 1521-1529, 2008.

• Kvansakul J, Rodriguez-Carmona M, Edgar DF, Barker FM, Kopcke W, Schalch W, and Barbur JL. Supplementation with the carotenoids lutein or zeaxanthin improves human visual performance. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 26: 362-371, 2006.

• Rodriguez-Carmona M, Kvansakul J, Harlow JA, Kopcke W, Schalch W, and Barbur JL. The effects of supplementation with lutein and/or zeaxanthin on human macular pigment density and colour vision. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 26: 137-147, 2006.

• Schalch W, Cohn W, Barker FM, Kopcke W, Mellerio J, Bird AC, Robson AG, Fitzke FF, and van Kuijk FJ. Xanthophyll accumulation in the human retina during supplementation with lutein or zeaxanthin - the LUXEA (Lutein Xanthophyll Eye Accumulation) study. Arch Biochem Biophys 458: 128-135, 2007.

• Morganti P, Fabrizi G, and Bruno C. Protective effects of oral antioxidants on skin and eye function. Skinmed 3: 310-316, 2004.

• Schweitzer D, Lang GE, Beuermann B, Remsch H, Hammer M, Thamm E, Spraul CW, and Lang GK. Objektive bestimmung der optischen dichte von xanthophyll nach supplementation von lutein. Ophtalmologe 99: 270-275, 2002.

• Stringham JM, and Hammond B. Macular Pigment and Visual Performance Under Glare Conditions. Optom Vis Sci 85: 82-88, 2008. Stringham JM, and Hammond B. Macular Pigment and Visual Performance Under Glare Conditions. Optom Vis Sci 85: 82-88, 2008.

• Stringham JM, and Hammond BR, Jr. The glare hypothesis of macular pigment function. Optom Vis Sci 84: 859-864, 2007.

• Kvansakul J, Rodriguez-Carmona M, Edgar DF, Barker FM, Kopcke W, Schalch W, and Barbur JL. Supplementation with the carotenoids lutein or zeaxanthin improves human visual performance. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 26: 362-371, 2006.

• Rodriguez-Carmona M, Kvansakul J, Harlow JA, Kopcke W, Schalch W, and Barbur JL. The effects of supplementation with lutein and/or zeaxanthin on human macular pigment density and colour vision. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 26: 137-147, 2006.